Kava

The Drink of the South Pacific

 How does KAVA relate to our society and to that of the South Pacific?

Background Information

Scientific Name:  Piper methysticum
 Kava Chemistry

What is KAVA ?
    Also known as Kava Kava, Kawa, Awa, Waka, Lawena, or Yaqona, Kava is a sprawling Polynesian evergreen shrub, a member of the pepper family.  The main part of the plant used is the large root.  It's active ingredient is  kavalactones. Kava does not reproduce from seeds, rather it propagates itself from rhizomes (root cuttings).  It flourishes in high humidity, warmth and shade.  Most kava is native to stream beds in warm climates like that of Hawaii.

What does it do?
    As a beverage, kava is a depressant, and about ten minutes after consumption the effects of kava can be felt.  Small dosages make people relaxed and friendly and unlike the affects of alcohol, it does not impair alertness or attentiveness in anyway.  Another difference between kava and many other depressents, it is not known to be addictive.  In Hawaiian, awa means bitter and refers to the pungent taste of the beverage.  In large dosages the powerful, soporific can produce a deep dreamless sleep.  However in order to obtain this state of being one usually must chew the root itself.  The root is very fibrous and unappetizing, which even native kava drinkers have a difficult time consuming.
    What is sometimes overlooked by this magnificent plant are it's medicinal properties.  Kava has a long history of use in the South Pacific as a tranquilizing elixir that produces relaxation and sleep.  Not to mention the leaves, stem and bark of the Kava bush also have applications for treating a variety of ailments.  Other uses for kava have been as a muscle relaxant, to relieve stiffness, relieve muscle fatigue and specific cases in Germany have used kava extracts as an anti-anxiety drug.
Whenever you first try a new medicine, herb, or supplement, it is always best to start with low dosages and build up. Kava, if used appropriately, can reduce the stress in our lives. It can also be used to decrease or prevent the amount of stress or anxiety we anticipate to be exposed to. Studies show the occasional use of kava presents no health problems . Years of use in Germany have produced no reports of troublesome drug interactions as well.

          Here are some tips to keep in mind:

-Before trying an herb, be sure your medical condition has been diagnosed correctly.
-Tell your doctor about any herbal remedies you plan to try or already take.
-Call or write the kava manufacturer for questions or comments.
-Do not use kava with sedatives, tranquilizers or alcohol.
 
 

Why is this study important?
    We found this topic important for a couple of reasons.  The Kava plant gives the same affects that alcohol does, however does not affect the mental state of the consumer.  It has had social, ceremonial and sacred uses throughout the Pacific islands.  Not only was it used for disputes between neighbors, but aslo as well as in sacred healing ceremonies.  Kava is known as the drink of peace and what is better than Peace?  Finally, our last reason for choosing Kava is because of the medicinal properties it holds.  It almost seems like a plant that is to good to be true, especially since it is legal.
 

Social, Ceremonial and Sacred Uses

Social Uses:

Recreational Use-Many people around the world today are finding new ways to enjoy Kava.  For the most part it is just to experience the weird sort of high that it provides to the consumer.   For some smoking marijuana while drinking Kava enhances the feeling of being sedated.  Keep in mind though that Kava is not mind altering or hallucinogenic, but gives more of a lathartic reaction to its users.  Also don't forget that Kava is One-Hundred percent legal and can be provided or ordered from any herbal supplier or health food store.

Medicinal Use-For many decades countries all over the world have been using Kava not only for its recreational uses but also for the medicinal properties it offers.  Germany for a long time has been using the Kava root for as an anti-anxiety drug.  Not only is it an effective relaxant, but Kava also is a stress releiver that is a soothing safe alternative to dangerous tranquilizers, sleeping pills and anti-depressants.  It eases muscle tension and insures a deep, refreshing sleep.  Europe's largest pharmaceutical's treat urinary tract infections all the way to arthritis with this wonder drug.  Also for women, kava is used to help through menopause.  Although it is not very popular yet in our society today, ever increasing demands for Kava in the U.S. has torn the South Pacific Islanders between the traditional cultural and ritual uses of the beverage and benefitting from the economic opportunities that commercialization can provide. Kava Products

Ceremonial and Sacred Uses:

Ceremonial Ritual Use: The ceremonial way of making kava is called milolua, a word that is also employed to describe one method of straining, or "clearing" the kava.  After the kava was prepared the ceremony would begin. There would be food served (about four different kinds of chicken and one type of pork).  After the food was all gone, there would be gifts exchanged throughout the group.  After the gifts were given the males would start the ceremonial passing out of the kava.  Small cups are passed out to the entire group, then kava is poured into them.  The drinking of the kava is the final stage of the ceremony.  This next example of the ceremonial uses of kava is a chant used when kava was offered to the gods in Hawaii in 1894.


Hana preparing traditional Fijian Tanoa (April 1997)

      Kava in Fiji - "Drink Kava, Be Groggy"


 Navalla Village (Fiji)

All kava-drinkers will agree, that kava, ready-for serving, sparkles in the bowl, "The liquor glitters like a mirror, it has the substance of turmeric in scented oil, it has the fragrance of Aglaia blooms, it diffuses an odor like gourds of oil scented with sandalwood two year old." (A pie Samoa)
 

Conclusions

Summary of findings-  Even though Kava has several different names world wide: Kava Kava, Kawa, 'Awa, Waka, Lawena, Yaqona, it is still not very popular in our society today.  It is used in many countries all around the globe, almost all European countries all the way to the South Pacific Islands (Fiji, Hawaii, etc...).  Kava has been used for decades as an anti-anxiety drug and for relief of all forms of stress or muscle pain..  However, with new ways of using Kava, even more ailments are being treated by this wonder drug.  With Kava being used for menopause relief all the way to treatment of asthma, we would soon expect to see this on the U.S. market.  Although there is the conflict that lies between the use of kava casually and the mass production of this sacred pepper bush.
There are many different ceremonial uses of kava around the world.  The ceremonial preparing of the kava is called milolua.  Some places drink kava casually, although many people go through the whole process.  During ceremonial process some groups use a chant while preparing to drink the kava.  Many of these groups use kava instead of many other depressents because of its effects on the mind.  It puts them in a great state of mind enabling them to reach a deep, dreamless sleep.  Also, the only other plant that is equal in effects is opium poppy, which is illegal.  Another factor as to why the South Pacific Islands get such plentifull use of the plant is because of the flourishing climate it provides for the cultivation of kava.
We found kava interesting, because we had never heard of that type of legal plant until a few weeks ago,and because of its many usefull treatments for the ailments that plague today's society.  Not to mention the fact that it works the same as alcohol and you don't have to be of age to purchase it also helped to keep us intrigued.  After doing some research we found it almost to good to be true.  Not only did the plant itself sound mysterious, but the background and the many uses also caught our eye.  In our opinion if there were one plant that the world could not survive without, it would be Penicillin.  But the second would definitely be Kava.
 

Thanks To:

Estelle  Levetin and Karen McMahon, authors of Plants and Society Second Edition.
Dr. Bromer, for allowing us to research such a great topic.
Erowid.org for providing endless information, pics, and links to other helpful sites.